Liner for cylinders of internal-combustion engines



March 17, 1925. 1,529,719 J. ROMEYN LINER FOR CYLINDERS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 15, 1924 ITII. 4

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Z1271 20m 7 f Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

JEAN ROMEYN, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

LINER FOR CYLINDERS OF INTER-NAL-COIQBUSTION.ENGINES.

Application filed January 15, 1924. Serial No. 686,374.

To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, JEAN Rorrnrx, a citizen of the Kingdom of Netherlands, and resident of Brussels, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Liners for Cylinders of Internal- Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying draw- 'ings, and to letters or figures of reference marked therein, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to multipart liners for cylinders of internal combustion engines.

It is known to make the part of the cylinder which is in contact with the hot gases at or near the inner dead center of steel, which maybe forged or cast, whereas the parts subjected to the friction of the piston rings are made of cast iron and are fixed to the first named part by pressing adjacent ends of the parts one into the other.

The invention relates especially to means for firmly securing the parts together.

It consists in using bars provided with heads at both ends, which are forced or shrunk into grooves formed in the outer surface of the liner.

In order that the invention may be easily understood, it is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through the upper part of a cylinder liner,

Figure 2 is a detail thereof,

Figure 3 is a central longitudinal section through a liner for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of the opposed piston type and v Figure 4 is a detail thereof.

Referring to Figure 1, the liner, which is placed in the water jacket (the upper part of which is shown at a) in the known manner and which has at b the usual circular groove to receive the packing joint against which the cylinder cover is secured, consists of two parts 0 and cl.

The part a is of forged or cast steel, whereas the part at is of cast iron. The latter is so long that the piston rings continuously remain within it, and the part c surrounds the combustion chamber, i. e. the part of the cylinder in which the highest temperature is developed. The part (Z is pressed into the lower end of the part c. As shown, the end of the part (Z is preferably stepped and the end of the part c is shaped correspondingly for the purpose hereinafter explained.

A comparison can be made between the stresses due solely to the press, fitting in two adjacent portions of the liner, namely: first between the planes 66 and if, and second between the planes ff and gg. Assuming that the shrinkage, i. e. the slight difference of diameters foreseen, is the same in parts eeff and ffgg, it will be found, having in mind the thicknesses of the walls, that the extension of the outer part is more pronounced in part eeff than in part ff-gg, whereas the compression of the inner liner is less pronounced in part eef; thanin part ffgg. Consequently there is in both parts of the liner a shearing stress in the plane ff. This shearing stress will be the less as the difierence between the diameters D and D will be slighter. Hence it will be realized that it is advantageous to have a stepped press fitting instead of passing at once from the part where there is no compression nor extension at all to a part where the shrinkage stress is at a maximum.

In order to hold together the parts of the liner, bars h provided with two heads 2' are shrunk or forced into grooves formed on the outer wall of the liner; the grooves being widened at their opposite ends to receive the bar heads, as will be understood. Figure 2 is a view of one of the bars looking in the direction shown by the arrow, where the heads ii are clearly visible. There are several such bars around the liner and they are disposed parallel to its centre line, so that one end is inserted into the part 0; whereas the other is inserted into the part 01.

Referring to Figure 3, which relates to an opposed piston. engine, there is one ring 0 of forged or cast steel encircling the combustion chamber and provided with holes such as j for the valves, and there aretwo ex-- tensions d in which both pistons travel. The same stepped arrangement as in Figure l is provided together with double headed bars h for a similar purpose.

What I claim is: I

1. A11 engine cylinder liner, comprising a plurality of structurally-separate members and having a plurality of grooves formed in its outer surface which lie partly in one of said members and partly in an-ot-her; zu;-1cl

fastening bars sec'nred in said grooves "a hold the said members together.

2. ,An engine cylinder liner, comprising a plurality of structurallyseparate members and hwing rhls e al-ii yre :emeres fen-med in its outer surface which lie partly in one of said members andpa 'tily in another and which are widened at their opposite ends; and double-headed fastening =bars secured in "said grooves to hold the said :m e'nrbers together.- v i v v An engine cylinder liner, comprising a plurality jof stru'ctnral lyseparate members having innerfitt-ing :steppe'el ends,*said liner being. provided on its outer snrdiace with a plurality elf grooves which lie partly one or said members *andupartly in another; and

bein n w fastening bars seeuredi-n said grooves to [fold th said members together.

. 4. An engine cylinder liner comprising a plurality vof, structurally-separate members havinginte'rfitti'ng -stepped ends, said liner led on itsaouteerasurface with a grooi es which lie partly in one plurality of .nf'sa'i-cl members 'anclipartly in another and which are widened at their opposite ends; and double-headed fiasbening bars secured in said grooves to hold the said members together. e

In testimony whereof I affix m signature in presence of two "Witnesses.

Witnesses LEO ARD Onvo, lMA-"RIE DEFRE DY.

JEAN ROMEYN. 

